Sri Lanka G.C.E. Ordinary Level (O/L) Mathematics
This course builds a strong foundation in mathematical concepts and the problem-solving skills necessary for everyday life and further education. You will master the essential themes of the syllabus beginning with Number where you will learn to perform calculations with real numbers, percentages, and logarithms. The curriculum expands to Measurements and Geometry where you will explore the properties of plane figures, solids, and angles, and apply theorems to solve geometric problems. You will also develop proficiency in Algebra by manipulating expressions, solving equations and inequalities, and working with functions and graphs to model relationships. Furthermore, you will investigate Statistics and Probability which enables you to collect, represent, and interpret data to understand trends and likelihoods. By applying these mathematical techniques to various real-world contexts, you will be equipped to think logically and approach challenges with precision.
Subject Content: Key Mathematical Themes
The syllabus develops a comprehensive foundation in mathematical concepts and their practical applications, building from Grade 10 to 11.
1. Numbers and Commercial Math
Covers **Real Numbers**, ratio, proportion, **simple/compound interest**, **Exponents and Logarithms**, profits, shares, and **Taxes** (Income Tax, VAT).
2. Algebra and Graphs
Includes **manipulation of expressions**, fractions, **solving equations** (simple, simultaneous, quadratic), **inequalities**, functions, and **Matrix operations**.
3. Geometry and Mensuration
Focuses on **Area and Volume** of plane figures/solids, properties of **angles and circles**, **Pythagoras’ theorem**, **trigonometric ratios**, **constructions**, **symmetry**, and **loci**.
4. Statistics and Probability
Covers **data representation** (diagrams), **frequency distribution** (grouped/ungrouped), **Sets** (notation, Venn diagrams), and **Probability** (likelihood of an event).
Skill Development Focus
The course aims to develop problem-solving, logical thinking, and communication skills for everyday applications.
Problem-Solving and Logical Thinking
Translating real-life challenges into mathematical terms and using logical deduction to find solutions.
Application and Communication
Applying mathematical knowledge accurately to everyday life and communicating mathematical ideas clearly.
Assessment Structure
The assessment consists of two compulsory written papers, each contributing 50% to the final result.
- **Duration:** 2 hours
- **Format:** Structured and short-answer questions.
- **Content Focus:** Essential Learning Concepts (ELCs) covering the core syllabus.
- **Duration:** 2.5 hours
- **Format:** Structured essay-type questions.
- **Content Focus:** Covers the entire syllabus, designed for students with higher mathematical aptitude.